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Athyrium niponicum 'Pictum' |
The Perennial Plant Association has named Athyrium niponicum ‘Pictum’ the 2004 Perennial Plant of the Year. This perennial low-maintenance Japanese painted fern is one of the showiest ferns for shade gardens. It is popular due to its hardiness nearly everywhere in the United States, except in the desert and northernmost areas in zone 3. ‘Pictum’ grows 18 inches tall and as it multiplies can make a clump that is more than two feet wide. ‘Pictum’ produces 12- to 18-inch fronds that are a soft shade of metallic silver-gray with hints of red and blue. This lovely fern, which prefers partial to full shade, makes an outstanding combination plant for adding color, texture, and habit to landscape beds and containers.
Landscape Uses
The magnificent texture and color of the fronds electrify shady areas of the
garden and make the fern a wonderful companion for a variety of shade plants. Japanese
painted fern provides a nice contrast to other shade-loving perennials
such as hosta, bleeding heart, columbine, astilbe and coral bells. A popular combination
is Japanese painted fern with Hosta ‘Patriot’ and ‘Ginko Craig’. For
something different, try Hosta sieboldiana ‘Elegans’. Another friendly
companion plant for the Japanese painted fern is Tiarella (foam flower). One of the most
unique possibilities is to use this fern with sedges. Carex (sedges) are
shade-loving, easy-to-grow grasslike plants. Try Carex morrowii ‘Variegata’
or Carex siderosticha ‘Silver Sceptre’. Other selections that are
excellent compliments to Japanese painted fern include Brunnera macrophylla
‘Langtrees’, ‘Silver Wings’, or ‘Jack Frost’; Lamium
maculatum ‘Orchid Frost’ and ‘Purple Dragon’; Astilbe ‘Snowdrift’;
Astilbe simplicifolia ‘Sprite’; and Dicentra ‘King of
Hearts’. Use these selections with white flowers or variegated leaves to echo or pick
other colors for contrast. Most any plant will make a great counterpart to the graceful,
attractive, and versatile Athyrium niponicum ‘Pictum’.
Cultivation
This fern needs a well-drained, compost-rich soil and flourishes where moisture
and humidity abound. ‘Pictum’ grows best in part- to full shade. The best frond
color results in light shade. In the south, a few hours of morning sun will bring out the
high colors. In the north they will take more morning sun without sunburning. The colors
are more intense in the spring or in cooler temperatures or in cooler climates such as the
Northwest. Add 2-3 inches of compost or peat moss to the beds each spring or fall. This
fern is extremely reliable when grown in the proper environmental conditions. Its colorful
foliage should be vibrant from early spring until frost, when it will go dormant and
reemerge with its excellent foliage the next spring.
Propagation
Propagation can be done by tissue culture, spring or fall divisions or by planting spores.
Growth habit and color uniformity is not ensured by spore propagation. Tissue culture may
be used to clone exceptional plants, which are selected for excellent frond color and
growth habit. Excellent selections of Japanese painted fern may also be produced by clump
division. It is easy for a homeowner to buy the more colorful and uniform plants in the
quantity needed or buy a few and divide the clumps yearly as needed. A well-grown plant
can be separated in early spring into 3-4 divisions and replanted. Fertilize at one-half
the rate of other perennials with an organic or time-release fertilizer.
Hardiness: Grows in USDA Hardiness Zones 3-8
Light: Part to full shade. The best frond color results in light shade.
Soil: Japanese painted fern needs well-drained, compost-rich soil.
Uses: The Japanese painted fern makes an outstanding combination plant for adding color, texture and habit to the shade garden.
Unique Qualities: The low-maintenance Japanese painted fern is versatile and provides impressive contrasting foliage that brightens landscape beds and containers. Fronds are 12 to 18-inches long and are a soft, metallic, silver-gray with hints of red and blue.
Planting Information: Japanese painted fern performs best in well-drained but moist soil with added organic compost or peat moss. It flourishes where moisture and humidity abound.
