Thatch, Earthworms, and Weeds . . .
Thatch is a layer of living and dead grass roots and stems that accumulates above the soil surface. Proper watering and mowing help prevent thatch build up. Core aeration is the best way to control thatch. Using an aerating machine with 1/2-inch diameter tines, make passes over the lawn to result in about two-inch spacing between holes. Don't deep power-rake; it removes too much of the living turf.Earthworms are nature's built-in lawn care specialists. They aerate the soil, add nutrients, and help break down thatch. Cherish them! Aeration and adding about 1/4- inch of compost over the lawn will help even out earthworm mounds.
Weeds are minimal on a healthy lawn, and it's easy to pull just a few weeds with hand tools. If herbicide is necessary, apply it on a dry day, wear rubber gloves, and be sure to follow all label directions. Spot treat individual weeds with a spot applicator or bottle or even a small paintbrush. For broadleaf weeds use 2, 4-D alone or in combination with another herbicide (as long as it does not include dicamba) Remove the flowers and seed heads as you go. Treated weeds may be hand-removed after several days, if you like.
Do not use combination weed and feed fertilizers. Overall treatment with an herbicide stunts the growth of all of the grass, affects helpful soil microbes, and may not be enough to kill each weed. Do not treat lawn weeds with glyphosate products, such as Roundup. In areas outside of the lawn, glyphosate may be used as long as it contacts only the weeds or out-of-place grass. If either glyphosate or 2, 4-D touches desirable foliage, rinse it quickly with water.
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